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NIVEL 1 - LECCIÓN 3 - Level 1 - lesson 3 ................ Lección anterior / previous lesson ....... Lección siguiente / next lesson ........ Índice / index

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En esta lección, aprenderás expresiones básicas como: "¿ de dónde eres? ¿Cómo te llamas?... Así como algunas formas de saludar y el presente de los verbos ser y estar

In this lesson you will learn basic expressions like: "Where are you from?... What's your name? ... As well as some forms of greeting, the present tense of the verb to be and its use

Gentilicios y paises - Ethnonyms and countries

L3A1	L3A2	L3A3	L3A4	L3A5	L3A6	L3A7	L3A8
Soy argentino	eres mexicana	es francés	somos ingleses	sois americanos	son canadienses	son alemanes	soy japonés
I´m Argentinian	You are mexician (Informal)	She/he is French	We are English	You are american (plural informal)	You are canadian (plural, formal)	They are German	I´m Japanese

Guillermo es mexicano, de Puebla. Martina también es mexicana, vive en Barcelona, España. Guillermo y Martina son mexicanos.	Escucha la siguiente audición y repitela varias veces Listen to the next audition and repet it several times.
Guillermo is mexician, from Puebla. Martina is also mexician. She lives in Barcelona, spain. Guillermo and Martina are mexician.	L3A9
TIPS: Please, notice that not each translated word is literally the same word. That's not possible because if so, many Spanish sentences or expressions could have a different meaning in english. So be careful, don't trust the translations of the complete sentences to find out the exact meaning of an isolated word. For that purpose, please consult Google translator, or your the dictionary
LEE LOS SIGUIENTES DIALOGOS EN VOZ ALTA . (No prestes atención la traducción a menos que te resulte imprescindible) Read the following dialogue aloud: Do not pay your attention to he translation unless it is totally neccesary for you.
	Would you be able to translate what she´s saying?
diálogo 1 L3A10
Elger- Hola, ¿cómo te llamas? Hi, what´s you rname ?
John- John, ¿y tú? John, so do you ?
Elger- Elger
John- ¿De dónde eres? Where are you from ?
Elger- De Alemania. Soy de Berlín ¿Tú eres de Estados Unidos? I´m from Germany, from Berlin. Are you from theUnited Estates ?
John - No, soy canadiense, de Toronto No, I´m Canadian , from Toronto
diálogo 2 L3A11
Melisa- Hola, ¿Cómo te llamas? Hi ! what´s your name ?	Y ustedes,.. ¿De qué planeta son ?
Luis- Luis, y él es mi amigo Gustavo . My name is Luis, and this is gustavo, my friend
Gustavo- ¡ Hola ! Hi!
Melisa- ¿Qué tal? What´s up?
Luis- Y tú, ¿Cómo te llamas ? And so do you, What´s your name ?
Melisa- Melisa
Luis- ¿De dónde eres Melisa ? Where are you from, Melisa ?
Melisa- soy española, de Sevilla I´m spanish, from Sevilla
Gustavo- Y tu amiga, ¿es italiana ? What about your friend, is she Italian ?
Melisa- No, no es italiana, es inglesa, de Londres. No,she is not Italian, She is English.
Gustavo- ¿Cómo se llama ella ? What´s her name ?
Melisa - ¡ cuantas preguntas ! Se llama Vicky. Y vosotros, ¿de dónde sois ? How many questions ! ...Her name is Vicky. And so do you, where are you from ?
Gustavo- somos españoles, de Madrid We are Spanish, from Madrid
Luis- ¡ Hola, Vicky ! Hi Vicky !
Vicky- ¿ Y éste quien es ? And... who is this ?
To be or not to be In English there is only one form of the verb "to be" no matter if you need it to indicate the essential qualities of the object or subject, or to indicate transients or temporary statements. In Spanish, however, there are two different verbs for each of these situations . To indicate "not esential" inherent qualities of the subject/object, as well as temporary and not permanent situations we use the verb "ESTAR" Nevertheless, when we need to express some inherent esential and permanent quality of the object/subject, then we use the verb "SER" Therefore, TO BE = SER = ESTAR. Only the sense or context inside the sentence may help you to choice which one to use
VERBO SER (presente de indicativo) To be - present tense (esential, permanent)	VERBO ESTAR (presente de indicativo) To be - present tense (transients or temporary)
Yo soy Tú eres Usted es El es Ella es Nosotros somos Vosotros sois Ustedes son ellos son ellas son	Yo estoy Tú estás Usted está El está Ella está Nosotros estamos Vosotros estais Ustedes están Ellos están Ellas están
L3A12	L3A13
Ejemplos: Examples	Ejemplos: Examples
Yo soy español I´m spanish	Yo estoy en España I´m in Spain (by now)
Tú eres un enfermo You are sick (no chance of cure)	Tú estás enfermo You are sick (with chance of cure -notice the absence of the article before he adjective- )
Él es un loco He is a crazy (no chance of cure)	Él está loco He is crazy (but his situacioncan improve)
Nosotros somos ingenieros. We are engineers	Nosotros estamos bien We are fine (but we can not be fine later)
Vosotros sois inteligentes . you are smart	Vosotros estáis viajando Your are travelling (obviously the trip will end some time)
Ustedes son jóvenes. Your are young	Ustedes están perdiendo You are loosing (but your luck may change)
Ellos son tus padres. They are your parents	Ellos están lejos Ther are far (not for ever)
Usted es así . You are like that	Usted está aburrido You are bored (later you can begin to entertain)
L3A14	L3A15
Lea las anteriores frases en español. Ignore la traducción al inglés. Después, escuche la audición y repita de nuevo las frases. Read the prior spanish sentences. Ignore the translation into english. Afterwards, listen to the auditions and repit again

SALUDOS - Greetings
INFORMAL L3A16 - Hola / - ¿Qué tal? / - ¿Cómo estás? / - Hi / - what's up /- How are you doing / L3A17 - ¿Qué tal? -----> /...Bien ..../... Más o menos .../... ¿ Y tú ? - What´s up -----> / - fine / - So and so / - And you ? L3A18 - Bien, gracias - I'm fine, thank you	FORMAL - Hola, ¿Qué tal? .../... ¿Cómo está? - Muy bien... / ....Bien. ¿Y usted? - Bien, gracias (You should already able to read these sentences correctly )
L3A19 Buenos días ( Desde el amancer hasta el almuerzo ) Good morning (Since sunrise until lunch) L3A20 Buenas tardes (Desde el almuerzo hasta última hora de la tarde) Good afternoon (Since lunch until late afternoon, around 21:00) L3A21 Buenas noches (Desde que anochece en adelante) Good night (since 21:00 around onwards)

Despedidas Goodbyes
L3A22 - Hasta luego See you later (literally = "up to later") L3A23 - Adiós Good bye L3A24 - Hasta mañana See you tomorrow (literally = "up to tomorrow ") L3A25 - Hasta el lunes See you on Monday (literally = "up to the Monday ") L3A26 - Hasta el martes... miércoles..... See you on Tuesday, Wednesday... (literally = "up to the Tuesday, Wednesday...") L3A27 - Hasta la semana que viene See you on next week (literally = "up to the week that comes ") L3A28 - Hasta el mes que viene See you on nex month (literally = "up to the month that comes ") L3A29 - Hasta el año que viene See you on next year (literally = "up to the year that comes ")